Six misconceptions about STDs

 　　Misconception 1: Passed Gynecology Routine inspection and everything is OK

　　Recently, a U.S. health agency surveyed: Most female right sexually transmitted diseases Nothing; only 1/4 of women know something about chlamydia (one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases) disease ), can lead to infertility; nearly half of women believe that no matter what physical problems they have, they can be detected by a routine physical examination once a year - unfortunately, this is far from the truth.

　　In China, this situation is more common. The first affiliated school of Peking University Hospital A gynecologist told us that in gynecological clinics, only a few people take the initiative to ask doctors to do laboratory tests for sexually transmitted diseases.

　　The doctor's advice is: Don't place all your hopes on routine gynecological examinations. If you suspect that you have a sexually transmitted disease, even if the possibility is extremely slim, you should notify the doctor in time and tell him all the symptoms, such as: odorous discharge, painful urination, blister etc.

　　Misconception 2: If you have an STD, you will definitely feel it

　　This is a big mistake. Many sexually transmitted diseases (such as papillomavirus, chlamydial infection, herpes, etc.) often harm the human body silently. The patients themselves do not feel abnormal. Compared with male , this type of disease is more hidden in women's bodies and harder to detect in time.

　　If not treated promptly, sexually transmitted diseases can affect other organs in a woman's body. For example: Papillomavirus may cause cervical cancer Chlamydia infection can cause pelvic inflammatory disease This leads to infertility. Don't take it lightly!

　　Misconception 3: You can’t get pregnant without ejaculation； You will not get pregnant even if you have sex during menstruation

　　The contraceptive method of ejaculation is quite dangerous. The lubricating fluid (prostatic fluid) secreted by our lover during "foreplay" contains part of the semen. Moreover, don't place too much hope on a man's control ability. It is difficult to guarantee that everything will be foolproof before the orgasm. In fact, most men have semen leakage, and the quantity and activity of sperm are sufficient to cause pregnancy. If you ejaculate in the vulva without entering the vagina, it is not impossible to get pregnant. Motivated sperm may enter the vagina and continue toward the uterus. In addition, most people believe that there is no need to worry about pregnancy when having sex during menstruation. But the fact is: there is indeed a precedent for pregnancy caused by intercourse during menstruation.

　　This is caused by irregular ovulation. Most women ovulate around the 14th day after the start of menstruation, but if the ovulation period is advanced and the sperm vitality is strong, pregnancy is likely to occur. The average number of sperm in a man's ejaculation is about 300 million. These sperm can survive in a woman's body for about 7 days. If a woman ovulates early, she is very likely to become pregnant. Therefore, you must take necessary contraceptive measures even during your menstrual period.

　　Misconception No. 4: Continuous use of birth control pills not only stops menstruation but also reduces the risk of breast cancer.

　　Only the first half of the sentence was correct. We know that continuous use of birth control pills can temporarily stop menstruation. And judging from relevant records, women with infrequent menstruation have a lower rate of breast cancer, but this is not as simple as one plus one equals two. In fact, continuing to take birth control pills does not reduce the risk of breast cancer because:

　　Whether you develop breast cancer depends on the level of estrogen secretion. Breast cancer was rare among women in ancient societies because women began to have children just after puberty and experienced several pregnancies throughout their lives. During pregnancy and lactation, the ovaries are at rest and no longer secrete estrogen. The lower the estrogen level in a woman's body, the lower her chance of developing breast cancer. So from a purely physiological point of view, the sooner a woman starts having children, the better. However, in modern society, our childbearing age has been greatly pushed back.

　　There is a misconception that continued use of birth control pills reduces the risk of breast cancer. In fact, on the contrary, taking birth control pills cannot reduce estrogen levels in the body, but will also increase estrogen levels. Therefore, from a purely theoretical point of view, it should increase the risk of breast cancer, but in reality, there is no inevitable relationship between the two. Women who have taken birth control pills for a long time do not need to worry too much. Moreover, the estrogen content of contraceptive pills developed by modern technology has been much lower than before.

　　Misconception No. 5: Using contraceptives will prevent you from contracting sexually transmitted diseases

　　Among the many contraceptive tools, only condoms have this dual function of preventing pregnancy and preventing sexually transmitted diseases. The following is an analysis of the ability of several contraceptive tools to resist STDs:

　　1. Oral contraceptive pills: do nothing to prevent infection of sexually transmitted diseases.

　　2. Cervical cap and intrauterine diaphragm: they provide some protection to the fallopian tubes, but their ability to protect the vagina is very insufficient.

　　3. Intrauterine IUD: This form of contraception actually increases a woman’s risk of sexually transmitted diseases because other protection is no longer needed to prevent pregnancy.

　　4. Sterilization surgery: Reduces the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease, but the risk of cervical and vaginal infections still exists.

　　Misconception No. 6: Oral contraceptives are harmful to the body

　　For women who smoke, oral contraceptives do have certain hazards. They may become victims of heart disease, stroke and other diseases. Women who do not smoke do not have to worry about this problem at all.

　　According to a survey by American medical institutions, women who take birth control pills have a 40% to 60% lower chance of developing ovarian cancer than women who do not take the pill, and a 50% lower chance of developing endometrial cancer. The chance of developing ovarian cysts is also relatively reduced. Oral contraceptive pills can also help prevent pelvic inflammatory disease because taking them regularly thickens cervical mucus, which blocks the growth of bacteria. In addition, oral contraceptives reduce the risk of ectopic pregnancy and can also help women with osteoporosis problems during menopause.

　　If you plan to use birth control pills, please note:

　　1. If you have a family history of heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular disease, or if you have breast cancer, endometrial cancer, or liver disease, it is best to switch to other methods.

　　2. If you are over 35 years old and smoke, it is also recommended to use other methods of contraception.

　　3. Contraceptives cannot be taken together with antibiotics, as they will affect the properties of the medicine and lead to contraceptive failure.

　　4. Contraceptive pills must be taken for a complete cycle before being stopped, otherwise it will cause menstrual disorders.